This paper examines the target groups and competences addressed in entrepreneurship education research. A systematic literature review was conducted, analyzing 1,419 abstracts using the EntreComp framework. The results indicate a general focus on postsecondary and tertiary education, particularly students (ISCED levels 5–8), and specific competences, such as creativity, self-awareness, and self-efficacy. The literature review highlights the current state of research, quantifies and systematizes the publications, and identifies research gaps and possible research questions for further research projects.